原理：通电时，电磁线圈产生电磁力把关闭件从阀座上提起，阀门打开；断电时，电磁力消失，弹簧
力把关闭件压在阀座上，阀门关闭。
特点：在真空、负压、零压时能正常工作，但一般通径不超过25mm。
(二)、分步直动式电磁阀
原 理：它是一种直动和先导式相结合的原理，当入口与出口压差≤0.05Mpa，通电时，电磁力直接把
先导小阀和主阀关闭件依次向上提起，阀门打开。当入口与 出口压差>0.05Mpa，通电时，电磁力先打
开先导小阀，主阀下腔压力上升，上腔压力下降，从而利用压差把主阀向上推开；断电时，先导阀和
主阀利 用弹簧力或介质压力推动关闭件，向下移动，使阀门关闭。
特点：在零压差或真空、高压时亦能可*工作，但功率较大，要求竖直安装。
(三)、先导式电磁阀
原理：通电时，电磁力把先导孔打开，上腔室压力迅速下降，在关闭件周围形成上低下高的压差，推
动关闭件向上移动，阀门打开；断电时，弹簧力把先导孔关闭，入口压力通过旁通孔迅速进入上腔室
在关阀件周围形成下低上高的压差，推动关闭件向下移动，关闭阀门。
特点：流体压力范围上限很高，但必须满足流体压差条件。
目 前在国内销售的常用电磁阀有DV(DVF)、PGA、PEB(PESB)、BPE系列十几个品种，口径从 3/4”到3
”，主要用于农业、园林、高尔夫、工业防尘及喷泉等领域。常用电磁阀多为隔膜阀，其工作原理是
：阀体分为上下两个室，中间为隔膜，在水压相同 的条件下，由于隔膜上下受力面积不同而产生压力
差，到达切断水流的目的。
电磁阀开启状态----当通过远程控制器给电信号或手动旋转电磁头，排水通道打开，上隔膜室内水排
出，室内压强减小，作用在上隔膜的压力变小，在上游压力作用下推动隔膜向上运动，打开管路通道
。
电磁阀关闭状态----手动关闭或断开电磁头电信号，使排水通道关闭，上隔膜室内慢慢充满水，等到
横膈膜上下压强一致时，由于横膈膜上侧受力面积较大，使隔膜向下运动，关闭管路通道。
单电控只有一个电磁头,得电后,电磁阀换向，失电后，电磁阀由于弹簧的作用复位，双电控2位电磁阀
有2个电磁头，只能其中一个得电，得电后，电磁阀换向,失电后，电磁阀保持位置，必须另一边的电
磁头得电，电磁阀才回复原位。
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